{"formatVersion":"1.1","id":"https://www.mentalhealth.com/library/timeline-of-psychotherapy","path":"/library/timeline-of-psychotherapy","url":"https://www.mentalhealth.com/library/timeline-of-psychotherapy","title":"Timeline of Psychotherapy","family":"Library detail","description":"Discover the evolution of psychotherapy from Freud to DSM IV. Explore key milestones in the field.","language":"en-US","access":{"audience":"public","indexable":true},"provenance":{"sourceUrl":"https://www.mentalhealth.com/library/timeline-of-psychotherapy","wordpressId":"5854","contentCompleteness":"complete","dateScope":"original-source"},"authors":[],"dates":{"datePublished":"2024-05-31T23:31:57Z","dateModified":"2025-11-25T02:58:24Z"},"content":{"html":"<nav aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\" class=\"breadcrumbs\"><ol><li><a href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/\">Home</a></li><li><a href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/library\">Library</a></li><li><a href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/library/psychology\">Psychology</a></li><li><span aria-current=\"page\">Timeline of Psychotherapy</span></li></ol></nav><div class=\"article-page article-standard\" data-library-standard=\"\"><div class=\"article-main-grid\"><header class=\"article-heading\"><h1>Timeline of Psychotherapy</h1><div class=\"article-dates\"><span>Published on <time datetime=\"2024-05-31T23:31:57Z\">May 31, 2024</time></span><span aria-hidden=\"true\"> · </span><span>Updated on <time datetime=\"2025-11-25T02:58:24Z\">November 25, 2025</time></span></div></header><div class=\"article-jumpbar\"></div><div class=\"article-layout\"><div class=\"article-reading\"><article class=\"prose\" id=\"article-content\"><p>This is a Timeline of <a href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/library/psychotherapy\" class=\"article-inline-link\" data-context-link=\"355\">Psychotherapy</a> history. Significant events in the history and development of psychotherapy may be added here.</p><figure class=\"article-feature\"><img alt=\"A man speaks during a small group conversation.\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"767\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/assets/optimized/6a32a291b951561fcff7dfd6.webp\" width=\"1200\" srcset=\"/assets/responsive/73fde87ebc3706b5e72737e1.webp 800w, /assets/optimized/6a32a291b951561fcff7dfd6.webp 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 1200px\"></figure><section aria-labelledby=\"key-takeaways\" class=\"article-takeaways\"><h2 id=\"key-takeaways\">Key takeaways</h2><ul><li>Modern psychotherapy developed through milestones in psychoanalysis, clinical psychology, and professional organization beginning in the late nineteenth century.</li><li>Humanistic, behavioral, and cognitive approaches broadened treatment models during the twentieth century.</li><li>Diagnostic manuals, professional standards, and training programs helped formalize the practice of psychological care.</li></ul></section><h2 id=\"nineteenth-century\"><strong>Nineteenth century</strong></h2><h2 id=\"1880s\"><strong>1880s</strong></h2><ul> <li>1886 - <a href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/library/sigmund-freud\" class=\"article-inline-link\" data-context-link=\"358\">Sigmund Freud</a> opened in private practice in Vienna </li> <li>1890s </li> <li>1892 - Foundation of the American Psychological Association (APA) headed by G. Stanley Hall. </li> <li>1896 - The first psychological clinic was developed at the University of Pennsylvania marking the birth of clinical psychology. </li> </ul><section aria-label=\"Subject matter expert\" class=\"article-expert article-expert-inline\" data-expert-kind=\"related\" data-expert-layout=\"standard\"><p class=\"article-bio-role\">Subject matter expert</p><div class=\"article-expert-identity\"><a href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/people/roy-sugarman\" class=\"card-identity-photo\" aria-label=\"Roy Sugarman, Ph.D.\"><img alt=\"\" height=\"64\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/assets/optimized/7ff1067904bc3b3ec0bfb453.jpg\" width=\"64\" decoding=\"async\"></a><h2><a href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/people/roy-sugarman\">Roy Sugarman, Ph.D.</a></h2></div><p class=\"article-expert-focus\">Neuroscience and clinical mental health</p><a href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/people/roy-sugarman\" class=\"quiet-button\">View profile</a></section><h2 id=\"twentieth-century\"><strong>Twentieth century</strong></h2><h2 id=\"1900s\"><strong>1900s</strong></h2><ul> <li>1900 - Sigmund Freud published 'Interpretation of Dreams' marking the beginning of Psychoanalytic Thought. </li> <li>1906 - The Journal of Abnormal Psychology was founded by Morton Prince. </li> <li>1910s </li> <li>1911 - Alfred Adler left Freud's Psychoanalytic Group to form his own school of thought, accusing Freud of overemphasizing sexuality and basing his theory on his own childhood. </li> <li>1913 - Carl G. Jung departed from Freudian views and developed his own theories citing Freud's inability to acknowledge religion and spirituality. His new school of thought became known as Analytical Psychology. </li> <li>1913 - Jacob L. Moreno applies Group Psychotherapy methods in Vienna. His new methods, which emphasise spontanaeity and interaction, later become known as Psychodrama and Sociometry. </li> </ul><h2 id=\"1920s\"><strong>1920s</strong></h2><ul> <li>1921 - Jacob L. Moreno conducts the first large scale public Psychodrama session at the Komoedienhaus, Vienna. He moves to New York in 1925. 1940s </li> <li>1942 - Carl Rogers published 'Counseling and Psychotherapy' suggesting that respect and a non-judgmental approach to therapy is the foundation for effective treatment of mental health issues. </li> <li>1945 - The Journal of Clinical Psychology was founded. </li> <li>1949 - Boulder Conference outlines scientist-practitioner model of clinical psychology, looking at the M.D. versus Ph.D. used by medical providers and researchers, respectively. </li> </ul><h2 id=\"1950s\"><strong>1950s</strong></h2><ul> <li>1951 - Carl Rogers publishes his major work, Client-Centered Therapy. </li> <li>1952 - The <a href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/library/dsm-5\" class=\"article-inline-link\" data-context-link=\"355\">Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</a> (DSM) was published by The American Psychiatric Association marking the beginning of modern mental illness classification. </li> <li>1953 - B.F. Skinner outlined behavioral therapy, lending support for behavioral psychology via research in the literature. </li> <li>1953 - Code of Ethics for Psychologists was developed by the American Psychological Association. </li> <li>1954 - Abraham Maslow helped to found Humanistic psychology and later developed his famous Hierarchy of Needs. </li> </ul><h2 id=\"1960s\"><strong>1960s</strong></h2><ul> <li>1967 - Aaron Beck published a psychological model of <a href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/library/depression\" class=\"article-inline-link\" data-context-link=\"355\">depression</a> suggesting that thoughts play a significant role in the development and maintenance of depression. </li> <li>1968 - DSM II was published by the American Psychiatric Association. </li> <li>1968 - First Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) professional degree program in Clinical Psychology was established in the Department of Psychology at the University of Illinois - Urbana/Champaign.</li> </ul><h2 id=\"1980s\"><strong>1980s</strong></h2><ul> <li>1980 - DSM III published by the American Psychiatric Association. 1990s </li> <li>1994 - DSM IV published by the American Psychiatric Association. </li> </ul><p>This article is licensed under the <a class=\"article-inline-link\" href=\"https://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl-1.3.html?utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=libra&amp;utm_content=external_resource&amp;utm_id=site-library-timeline-of-psychotherapy&amp;utm_source=mentalhealth.com\" target=\"_blank\" data-link-follow=\"true\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">GNU Free Documentation License</a>. It uses material from the <a class=\"article-inline-link\" href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Psychotherapy_history?utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=libra&amp;utm_content=external_resource&amp;utm_id=site-library-timeline-of-psychotherapy&amp;utm_source=mentalhealth.com\" target=\"_blank\" data-link-follow=\"true\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Wikipedia article \"Timeline of Psychotherapy\"</a>.</p></article><div class=\"article-endmatter\"><section class=\"article-about article-panel\"><h2 id=\"about-mentalhealth-com\">About MentalHealth.com</h2><p>MentalHealth.com helps people understand themselves, build healthier relationships, and access the right care. We bring together mental health education, diagnostics, and care management to support well-being throughout every phase of life.</p><div class=\"article-contributors\"></div></section><section aria-label=\"Related community\" class=\"article-topic-community article-topic-community-end\"><a href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/community/psychotherapy\" class=\"card-identity-photo\" aria-label=\"Psychotherapy\"><img alt=\"\" class=\"topic-community-banner\" height=\"1536\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/assets/optimized/2f9e9d1a0710aab4fb0058aa.webp\" width=\"1024\" decoding=\"async\"></a><p class=\"topic-community-label\">Related community</p><h2><a href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/community/psychotherapy\">Psychotherapy</a></h2><p>Explore the experience of talk therapy, the therapeutic relationship, and finding an approach that fits.</p></section></div></div><aside aria-label=\"Article navigation and related information\" class=\"article-sidebar\" data-bounded-rail=\"\" tabindex=\"0\"><details class=\"article-contents\" data-expanded=\"false\" data-scrolled-past=\"false\" data-section-preview=\"3\" open=\"\"><summary><strong>Table of contents</strong><span aria-hidden=\"true\"></span><small data-current-section=\"\">Choose a section</small></summary><nav aria-label=\"Article contents\"><ol id=\"article-section-list\"><li><a aria-label=\"Nineteenth century\" href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/library/timeline-of-psychotherapy#nineteenth-century\" title=\"Nineteenth century\">Nineteenth century</a></li><li><a aria-label=\"1880s\" href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/library/timeline-of-psychotherapy#1880s\" title=\"1880s\">1880s</a></li><li><a aria-label=\"Twentieth century\" href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/library/timeline-of-psychotherapy#twentieth-century\" title=\"Twentieth century\">Twentieth century</a></li><li><a aria-label=\"1900s\" href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/library/timeline-of-psychotherapy#1900s\" title=\"1900s\">1900s</a></li><li><a aria-label=\"1920s\" href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/library/timeline-of-psychotherapy#1920s\" title=\"1920s\">1920s</a></li><li><a aria-label=\"1950s\" href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/library/timeline-of-psychotherapy#1950s\" title=\"1950s\">1950s</a></li><li><a aria-label=\"1960s\" href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/library/timeline-of-psychotherapy#1960s\" title=\"1960s\">1960s</a></li><li><a aria-label=\"1980s\" href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.com/library/timeline-of-psychotherapy#1980s\" title=\"1980s\">1980s</a></li></ol><button aria-controls=\"article-section-list\" aria-expanded=\"false\" class=\"article-sections-toggle\" data-sections-toggle=\"\" type=\"button\">View more</button></nav></details></aside></div></div></div>","text":"Home Library Psychology Timeline of Psychotherapy Timeline of Psychotherapy Published on May 31, 2024 · Updated on November 25, 2025 This is a Timeline of Psychotherapy history. Significant events in the history and development of psychotherapy may be added here. Key takeaways Modern psychotherapy developed through milestones in psychoanalysis, clinical psychology, and professional organization beginning in the late nineteenth century. Humanistic, behavioral, and cognitive approaches broadened treatment models during the twentieth century. Diagnostic manuals, professional standards, and training programs helped formalize the practice of psychological care. Nineteenth century 1880s 1886 - Sigmund Freud opened in private practice in Vienna 1890s 1892 - Foundation of the American Psychological Association (APA) headed by G. Stanley Hall. 1896 - The first psychological clinic was developed at the University of Pennsylvania marking the birth of clinical psychology. Subject matter expert Roy Sugarman, Ph.D. Neuroscience and clinical mental health View profile Twentieth century 1900s 1900 - Sigmund Freud published 'Interpretation of Dreams' marking the beginning of Psychoanalytic Thought. 1906 - The Journal of Abnormal Psychology was founded by Morton Prince. 1910s 1911 - Alfred Adler left Freud's Psychoanalytic Group to form his own school of thought, accusing Freud of overemphasizing sexuality and basing his theory on his own childhood. 1913 - Carl G. Jung departed from Freudian views and developed his own theories citing Freud's inability to acknowledge religion and spirituality. His new school of thought became known as Analytical Psychology. 1913 - Jacob L. Moreno applies Group Psychotherapy methods in Vienna. His new methods, which emphasise spontanaeity and interaction, later become known as Psychodrama and Sociometry. 1920s 1921 - Jacob L. Moreno conducts the first large scale public Psychodrama session at the Komoedienhaus, Vienna. He moves to New York in 1925. 1940s 1942 - Carl Rogers published 'Counseling and Psychotherapy' suggesting that respect and a non-judgmental approach to therapy is the foundation for effective treatment of mental health issues. 1945 - The Journal of Clinical Psychology was founded. 1949 - Boulder Conference outlines scientist-practitioner model of clinical psychology, looking at the M.D. versus Ph.D. used by medical providers and researchers, respectively. 1950s 1951 - Carl Rogers publishes his major work, Client-Centered Therapy. 1952 - The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) was published by The American Psychiatric Association marking the beginning of modern mental illness classification. 1953 - B.F. Skinner outlined behavioral therapy, lending support for behavioral psychology via research in the literature. 1953 - Code of Ethics for Psychologists was developed by the American Psychological Association. 1954 - Abraham Maslow helped to found Humanistic psychology and later developed his famous Hierarchy of Needs. 1960s 1967 - Aaron Beck published a psychological model of depression suggesting that thoughts play a significant role in the development and maintenance of depression. 1968 - DSM II was published by the American Psychiatric Association. 1968 - First Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) professional degree program in Clinical Psychology was established in the Department of Psychology at the University of Illinois - Urbana/Champaign. 1980s 1980 - DSM III published by the American Psychiatric Association. 1990s 1994 - DSM IV published by the American Psychiatric Association. This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article \"Timeline of Psychotherapy\". About MentalHealth.com MentalHealth.com helps people understand themselves, build healthier relationships, and access the right care. We bring together mental health education, diagnostics, and care management to support well-being throughout every phase of life. Related community Psychotherapy Explore the experience of talk therapy, the therapeutic relationship, and finding an approach that fits. 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